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Because interest is fixed, coverage falls faster than profit when profit drops, so judge it in a bad year as well as a good one. Variants use EBITDA or operating cash flow, and debt service coverage adds scheduled loan repayments to interest.

Example

EBIT of ₹300 crore against interest of ₹60 crore is coverage of 5 times; if EBIT falls 60%, coverage falls to 2 times.

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